What is Pelvic Floor Dysfunction?

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) occurs when the muscles, ligaments, and connective tissues that support the pelvic organs (bladder, rectum, and prostate) do not function properly. In men, PFD can lead to a variety of symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain, urinary and bowel dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, and difficulties with core stability.

Prevalence

PFD is more commonly discussed in the context of women, but it also significantly affects men, particularly those engaged in high-impact or physically demanding activities. Although precise prevalence rates in men are not well-documented, studies suggest that PFD could affect around 5-16% of men, with the likelihood increasing with age or after prostate surgery.

Sports at Risk

Men involved in the following sports may be at increased risk for developing PFD:

  • Cycling: Prolonged pressure on the perineum and pelvic floor during cycling can contribute to dysfunction, particularly in competitive cyclists, making it the most at risk sport for PFD.
  • Weightlifting: Heavy lifting increases intra-abdominal pressure, which can strain the pelvic floor muscles.
  • Rugby: Frequent tackles, scrums, and physical impacts in rugby place substantial stress on the pelvic region, making it a high-risk sport for PFD.
  • Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) and Boxing: The combination of core engagement, direct blows to the abdomen, and grappling moves in MMA and boxing places these sports at a moderate to high risk for PFD

Symptoms of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Men

  • Pelvic Pain: Chronic pain in the lower abdomen, groin, or perineum.
  • Urinary Issues: Frequent urination, difficulty starting or stopping urination, and incomplete bladder emptying.
  • Bowel Dysfunction: Constipation, straining, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.
  • Sexual Dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction, pain during ejaculation, or reduced sexual satisfaction.

Treatment

1. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

  • Purpose: LLLT uses specific wavelengths of light to penetrate deep into tissues, promoting cellular repair, reducing inflammation, and alleviating pain.
  • How It Works: During treatment, a low-level laser is applied to the pelvic floor area. The light energy stimulates cellular activity, enhances blood flow, and accelerates tissue healing, which can reduce pain and improve muscle function.
  • Benefits: Non-invasive, pain-free treatment that can be effective in reducing pelvic pain and improving muscle function over time.

2. Remedial Massage/Manual Therapy

  • Purpose: These therapies focus on reducing muscle tension, improving circulation, and restoring normal muscle function in the pelvic floor.
  • How It Works:
    • Trigger Point Release: Targeting specific points of tension within the pelvic floor muscles to relieve pain and improve muscle flexibility.
    • Myofascial Release: Gentle, sustained pressure is applied to the connective tissues to reduce restrictions and improve muscle mobility.
    • Pelvic Floor Massage: Direct manipulation of the pelvic floor muscles, either externally or internally, to relieve tightness and improve muscle coordination.
  • Benefits: Effective in managing pain, improving muscle function, and enhancing overall pelvic floor health.

3. Exercise and Rehabilitation

  • Purpose: Strengthening and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles through targeted exercises to restore function and alleviate symptoms.
  • Recommended Exercises:
    • Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT): Strengthening exercises, often referred to as Kegels, specifically target the pelvic floor muscles.
    • Stretching: Gentle stretches, such as hip openers and hamstring stretches, can help release tension in the pelvic area.
    • Core Stability Exercises:** Engaging the core muscles to support the pelvic floor and improve overall stability.
  • Benefits: Can improve muscle control, reduce symptoms of dysfunction, and prevent future issues.

4. Regular Monitoring: Ongoing assessment and adjustment of the treatment plan are essential to ensure progress and address any new or ongoing issues.

Resources and Support

For more information on Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in men and available treatments, you can explore these trusted resources:
[Better Health Channel – Pelvic Floor]
[Pelvic Pain Foundation – Pelvic Pain in Men]

Conclusion

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction is a significant issue in men, particularly those involved in certain high-risk sports. Through treatments like Low-Level Laser Therapy and manual therapy, combined with targeted exercise and rehabilitation, symptoms can be effectively managed, improving overall quality of life.

For personalised advice and treatment, contact Coffs Coast Sports Physiotherapy to book an appointment with sports massage therapist Trent Renshaw today.